One problem related to engine rattling and whining sounds has been reported for the 2010 Toyota Camry. The most recently reported issues are listed below. Please also check out the statistics and reliability analysis of the 2010 Toyota Camry based on all problems reported for the 2010 Camry.
Brief engine knock/rattle noise at cold statup (1ar/2ar). Per Toyota t-sb-0041-13 -- immediately following a cold startup, some 2009-2013 model year vehicles equipped with the 1ar-fe and 2ar-fe engines may exhibit a brief knock/rattle noise from the engine compartment for approximately one second. Follow the repair procedure below to address this condition. This is due to worn / loose cam gears. A quick google search shows that this issue is rampant among many Toyota models. Toyota has issues a TSB, but not a recall. Failure of this part can cause engine stoppage while driving.