149 problems related to engine and engine cooling have been reported for the 2022 Nissan Rogue. The most recently reported issues are listed below. Please also check out the statistics and reliability analysis of the 2022 Nissan Rogue based on all problems reported for the 2022 Rogue.
Engine failure, known issue per Nissan service employees, second and third combustion cylinders fill with anti-freeze coolant with no errors or warning lights in vehicle. This was noticed by the temperature gauge climbing during acceleration and falling while at speed. I am told it is a manufacturing defect by the service department but due to the 76,000 miles on the 2022 vehicle it is not covered by Nissan, an $8000 bill for the long block replacement. This needs your attention as in my local dealership there have been 5 instances of this in the last month. Thank you, [xxx] information redacted pursuant to the freedom of information act (foia), 5 u. S. C. 552(b)(6).
I purchased the vehicle about 4 months ago and I've only driven it maybe 1 month out of 4 due to being in the shop for multiple egr and throttle issues. I am currently sitting with it broke down once again for the same issues for the 3rd time. The engine loses power out of no where while driven and gives a warning that says engine malfunction power reduced and all safety features are then shut down. This leaves my car only traveling no more than 10mph. I was on the interstate!!.
On July 15 at approximately 4:30 pm my daughter's 2022 Nissan Rogue stalled while she was making a turn in a busy intersection. She was able to restart it and make it to a safe place to call a tow truck. There were no warning lights on my dashboard. The vehicle had just been serviced less than two weeks prior. The vehicle was towed to the local Nissan dealership. The next day the inspected it and determined it had overheated and coolant was entering the exhaust manifold. The technician noted that the coolant reservoir was very low.
I was driving to work. I noticed what I thought was some gravel dust behind me. I got to a stop light and my car started shaking. No engine or warning lights came on. I shut my car off and started it up again. It was still shaking. When I pulled away from the stop light, I notice there was white smoke coming out my tailpipe. I immediately pulled over and called the dealership I thought it from and a tow truck. I haven’t been given anything official from the dealership, but the service department emailed me this yesterday: “car was smoking from exhaust, pressure tested coolant system did not hold pressure, inspected cylinders with boar scope found coolant in cylinder 1, coolant saturation ruined the turbo and converter” I have now asked the dealership to do a “metal debris test”.
The contact owns a 2022 Nissan Rogue. The contact stated that while driving at 70 mph, the accelerator pedal was depressed; however, the vehicle failed to accelerate as intended. The vehicle independently shifted into safe drive mode. The awd drive warning light was illuminated. The contact stated that the vehicle failed to exceed 25 mph while driving. The vehicle was driven to a nearby rest area. The vehicle was towed to the dealer where it was diagnosed with oil and engine temperature failure and a failed water valve. The contact was informed that the oil and engine temperature sensor and water valve needed to be replaced. The vehicle was repaired. The contact referenced TSB: ntb25-000, which had a similar failure description. The contact was informed that the failure was not covered under the technical service bulletin. The manufacturer was made aware of the failure, and a case was filed. The contact referenced TSB: ntb25-000, which had a similar failure description. The contact was informed that the failure was not covered under the technical service bulletin. In addition, the contact requested a goodwill warranty repair, the request was denied. The failure mileage was approximately 61,350.
Formal demand for repurchase or replacement under utah law and the magnuson-moss warranty act vehicle: 2023 Nissan Rogue VIN: [xxx] current mileage: 104732 to whom it may concern: I am the owner of a 2023 Nissan Rogue and am writing to formally demand that Nissan north America, inc. Resolve a serious and ongoing defect affecting my vehicle by repurchasing the vehicle, replacing it with a comparable new vehicle, or otherwise providing an appropriate remedy. The vehicle has experienced a substantial defect involving the continuously variable transmission (cvt). Nissan replaced the original cvt under the manufacturer's warranty at no cost to me. However, immediately following that replacement, the replacement transmission began exhibiting serious defects, including seizing, repeated stalling while driving, and the appearance of electrical fault codes. The vehicle continues to stall unexpectedly, creating an unreasonable safety risk for me, my passengers, and other motorists. A vehicle that loses propulsion while in traffic cannot reasonably be considered safe, reliable, or fit for its intended purpose. Despite Nissan's opportunity to repair this defect, the problems remain unresolved. Replacing one defective transmission with another defective transmission has not corrected the underlying issue. These defects substantially impair the vehicle's use, value, and safety. I have complied with Nissan's warranty requirements by presenting the vehicle to authorized Nissan dealerships for diagnosis and repair. Nissan has been afforded a reasonable opportunity to repair the vehicle but has been unable to provide a permanent remedy. Accordingly, I believe I may be entitled to relief under applicable utah law governing warranty obligations and defective new motor vehicles, as well as under the magnuson-moss warranty act, 15 u. S. C. §§ 2301–2312, which provides consumers with remedies when a manufacturer fails to honor its written warranty obligations. Information redacted pursuant to the freedom of information act (f.
I was driving when I was pulled over by a police officer for speeding I was going 5 over the speed limit (speed limit was 65). As the officer approached my vehicle, he noticed flames coming from the engine compartment before I was aware there was any issue. He immediately instructed me to exit the vehicle for my safety. After I got out, the officer attempted to put out the fire with a fire extinguisher, but the flames continued to spread despite his efforts. The fire quickly intensified, causing extensive damage to the vehicle. Emergency responders were called to the scene to extinguish the fire, but by the time the fire was under control, the vehicle had sustained severe fire damage and was no longer operable.
The engine failed, and the overheating due to it caused the head gasket to warp. I have multiple recordings from Nissan advising this is a manufacturer defect, but they refuse to fix it unless we pay $5000+. I was driving on the high way and the vehicle shut off. Luckily I was able to safely get off but I was almost struck. I have recorded conversations with the dealership where they confirm they have multiple vehicles in the shop with the same issue. Its sitting at a Nissan dealership after being inspected at this time. There was 0 warning lights. The vehicle just shut off.
I have a 2022 Nissan Rogue sv that had an engine replaced due to a faulty head gasket in March of 2024 and my vehicle on 6/15/2026 had a rough idle of the engine and irregular rpm's which then led to the rpm's dropping to zero while in a stationary drivethru lane. The vehicle then showed a caution warning indicating to shift the car into neutral. After getting the car towed to the dealership for diagnostics it was determined that the vehicle requires a new engine. The likely cause according to the service advisor was a failed head gasket, which was the same reason for the first engine replacement. Despite the fact the engine will be covered under warranty, the possibility of the engine failure occurring on the highway while traveling at a high rate of speed, and potentially stranding me on the highway with no warning is a high cause for concern given the vehicle would have went into limp mode, which limits the vehicle to less than 15 mph.
While driving an alert appeared on the dash stating engine malfunction. Speed was reduced instantly which was dangerous as I was driving at high speeds on the freeway with traffic behind me. The accelerator wouldn’t work and I had to immediately pull over.
The contact owns a 2022 Nissan Rogue. The contact received notification of NHTSA campaign number: 25v437000(engine and engine cooling). The vehicle was taken to the dealer where the contact was informed that the dealer reprogrammed the engine control module (ecm) software and test drove the vehicle and found no failures. Despite the dealer's claims that they test drove the vehicle, the contact stated that her mileage had not changed upon picking up the vehicle. The contact then stated that while driving at 55 mph, an audible ding sound emitted from the vehicle as both an "engine malfunction" and "power reduced service now" warning messages appeared on the instrument panel. The vehicle began to slow down upon depression of the accelerator pedal. While at a stop light, the vehicle failed to accelerate above 5 mph as the contact coasted the vehicle into a parking lot. Due to the failure, the vehicle was towed to another dealer where after the dealer spoke with the manufacturer; they agreed to repair the vehicle under the initial recall. The contact had yet to notify the manufacturer directly about the failure. The vehicle had yet to be repaired and remained in the possession of the dealer. The failure mileage was approximately 35,000.
I own a 2022 Nissan Rogue with approx 71,139 miles on. While driving on the freeway at 65mph, the vehicle suddenly lost power and became disabled. Prior to the failure, the vehicle did not dispaly an overheating warning, coolant warning, or other indication the engine was overheating or experiencing coolant loss. The vehicle was being driven normally and was on the way to routine maintenance and fuel stop when the failure occurred. An independent repair facility diagnosed coolant intrusion into the combustion chamber and determined the engine had overheated and required replacement. The vehicle's sudden loss of propulsion occurred without warning creating a safety hazard for myself and my daughter as I was forced to coast to a stop in the gore area of the freeway just as you entered the [xxx] from [xxx] due to the inability to maintain speed on the freeway. This was the safest area for us to park but it was terrifying as cars zoomed past us from both sides. I am concerned that the engine failed without adequate warning to the driver and that similar complaints have been noted by several others describing the same issue with the same year, make and model as my car. Multiple reports have said it occurred while on the freeway, making this a greater concern for safety. I took my car to Nissan who stated they see the coolant intrusion, but that it was not covered under recall. I asked what caused the internal leak, to which they replied that would require them to take apart the engine to examine further at my cost. I advised the issue with the car not indicating it was even out of coolant to cause it to overheat was concerning because even if I replace the engine, if the electrical failure isn't addressed I could run into the same issue and this time actually get into an accident that could cause death or serious injury. My car is still at Nissan mission hills dealership and available for inspection upon request. Information redacted pursuant to the freedom of information act (foia), 5 u. S. C. 552(b)(6).
There have been a couple recalls for transmission/engine bearing and the Nissan dealership has serviced the recalls. However, today may 8, 2022 while driving on the highway the check engine light appeared and a notification appeared check oil immediately. Then my engine and transmission blew on the highway at 65 miles per hour causing my Nissan to immediately stop. I was able to quickly put my hazard light on an move the Nissan off the highway and shut the vehicle off. After about 10 minutes I started the Nissan Rogue again and checked for any new messages/notifications. The engine check light was still on and the check oil/change oil immediately appeared. The vehicle would not drive over 15 miles per hour. There was no power. I contacted the Nissan dealership and explained what happened the dealership has my Nissan Rogue and wants me to come in and trade my car to purchase a new vehicle.
During acceleration engine makes a strange noise as if marbles were rolling around in the engine, or a knocking noise more noticeable when the engine is cold. Dealership says this is a normal sound on Nissan Rogues with the 1. 5 cyl turbo charged engine. When I use 89 octane fuel the knocking sound seems less pronounced but, the manual on my 2022 Nissan Rogue says to use 87 octane. Is there anything we can do if the dealership refuses to acknowledge there is a problem which needs to be addressed?.
The contact owns2022 Nissan Rogue. The contact stated that the vehicle was taken to the dealer for a recall repair and approximately 2 weeks after the repair was done while driving on the roadway, vehicle went into limp mode and vehicle was driven to safety on the side of the road. The vehicle was able to restart after 5 to 10 minutes. An engine failure warning displayed on the instrument panel. The vehicle was taken to the dealer where the issue could not be duplicated. The manufacturer was notified of the failure. The approximate failure mileage was 45,423.
I am reporting a safety defect involving my 2022 Nissan Rogue related to NHTSA recall 25v437 (engine bearing failure). Prior to complete engine failure, I experienced multiple instances of sudden loss of power while driving at highway speeds, creating a serious safety hazard. In one instance, this nearly resulted in a multi-vehicle accident in heavy traffic. The vehicle also exhibited additional symptoms consistent with the recall, including engine shaking, knocking noises, rough riding and hard shifting, burning smell, and warning lights. Nissan performed the recall service, which consisted of reprogramming the engine control module (ecm). However, this software update did not repair or replace the defective engine components. The vehicle’s condition worsened after the recall service. The engine ultimately failed completely at approximately 122,000 miles, shortly after the recall repair was completed. This indicates that the recall remedy is ineffective and does not adequately address the safety risk, as a software update cannot prevent or correct pre-existing mechanical failure of engine bearings. I am concerned that other vehicles with this defect remain at risk of sudden power loss and potential crashes despite having the recall performed.
While driving home, multiple alerts showed up on the dashboard about my engine and to check the manual. Smoke began to come up from the engine and smelled really bad. I heard a rattling as well. The recall work was done on this not too long ago, coming up on 1 year ago, and still have engine difficulties after they replaced the entire engine and did the recall repair.
Hi! this is my 2nd input here about my 2022 Nissan Rogue. Recaping that whike driving home, smoke began to emerge from under the hood and multiple warning signs popped up (please see previous input for more information). Cureentky, my vehicle was diagnosed with a converter issue. The recent recall was related to the engine. The converter and my spark plugs (2 spark plugs replaced already) were all damaged by the engine. This makes sense why there are numerous issues. While the extended warranty covers the engine and not the converter, under the law of consequential damage, anything damaged by this engine is covered due to the cause from the engine. I currently have a rental and am leaving my Rogue at the dealership due to it being unsafe to drive and that the dealership has not provided a remedy for this defect, which is covered by law under this recall on the Rogue due to consequential damage. My Rogue will continue to have issues until all related/noncoverd parts are fixed under this. This vehicle is now a lemon due to consistent issue with the engine it damaging other parts. I am hoping for a good will pay and buyback.
My 2022 Nissan Rogue experienced a sudden engine failure related to an active recall. The vehicle became undrivable and was taken to the dealership. The vehicle has now been out of service for over two weeks with no estimated repair completion date. This failure creates a serious safety risk, as engine failure can occur while driving and could lead to loss of power, stalling, or inability to safely operate the vehicle. The dealership has confirmed the issue but has not provided a timeline for repair. Nissan has only offered rental reimbursement, requiring out-of-pocket payment, and has not provided a loaner or direct rental despite the recall-related failure. I am currently without reliable transportation due to this failure and cannot afford to pay upfront for a rental. This has created a financial hardship. This issue should be investigated, as it involves engine failure tied to a recall and lack of adequate support while the vehicle is out of service.
My car is just 3 years old has reduced power warning and continuous engine light on. Despite several reminders, calls to Nissan marietta dealership as well as Nissan consumer affairs, issue has not been resolved. My car is not in a driving condition and they have wrongly changed the battery and charged me instead of taking care of recall or repairing the engine light issue. They keep changing their diagnostic results. I request immediate resolution and attention of Nissan in this matter by a qualified technician.
On [xxx] I was traveling with my [xxx] daughter from phoenix, az up to flagstaff, az. The Nissan Rogue associated with the VIN number is my wife's. Vehicle only has 24,000 miles on it and we currently have a Nissan security+plus extended warranty, [xxx]. We were cruising along nicely and all of the sudden many warning signs appeared stating "malfunction, see owner's manual". The vehicle turbo essentially lost all boost rendering the engine nearly powerless. I have read many reports of this being a possible issue with the motor, but there is currently no recall on it. That is a potential catastrophic failure and I'm afraid it will happen again. We were able to get the vehicle to a big o tire in flagstaff, az since the Nissan dealer there couldn't see the vehicle. They hooked it out to a diagnostic, cleared out all the warning codes, and the vehicle starting producing boost and working properly again. We made it safely back down to phoenix. I'm very worried this could happen again and wondering why this major glitch isn't being recalled. Has Nissan considered a full buy back on these vehicles? please advise. Information redacted pursuant to the freedom of information act (foia), 5 u. S. C. 552(b)(6).
My 2022 Nissan Rogue experienced sudden engine failure due to coolant loss and a blown head gasket while driving. The engine became inoperable and the dealership denied coverage. This appears to be a premature engine defect and created a safety risk due to sudden loss of power.
My 2022 Nissan Rogue has experienced repeated engine failures beginning at approximately 88,000 miles, including four separate incidents despite repairs performed at authorized dealerships. The vehicle exhibited engine knocking and drivability issues prior to failure. Nissan later issued a recall related to engine issues, and recall service was performed on January 29, 2026. The engine failed catastrophically less than 30 days later and was diagnosed with coolant intrusion into the cylinders requiring full engine replacement. The recall inspection appears to have been limited to a computer scan and did not identify the underlying issue. This raises concerns that the defect may not be properly detectable through the current recall procedure. I am reporting this as a potential safety concern due to repeated engine failure and loss of confidence in vehicle reliability.
I am reporting a serious safety concern involving my 2022 Nissan Rogue equipped with the 1. 5l engine. While driving in normal traffic, my vehicle suddenly displayed an "engine malfunction" warning with no prior indication of an engine problem. Immediately after the warning appeared, the vehicle rapidly lost power and could no longer maintain the speed of surrounding traffic. I had very limited ability to accelerate or safely maneuver, creating a significant risk of being struck from behind or becoming stranded in an active travel lane. There was no advance warning that a catastrophic engine failure was imminent. The vehicle ultimately became inoperable and was towed to an authorized Nissan dealership. The dealership diagnosed the engine with coolant leaking into the cylinders and determined that replacement of the engine assembly, turbocharger, and catalytic converter was required at an estimated cost exceeding $10,000. My vehicle had previously experienced engine-related concerns and was included in recall campaign r25d1. That recall was completed, but less than 30 days later the engine failed catastrophically. Based on this sequence of events, I am concerned that the existing recall may not identify or address all engine conditions that can result in sudden loss of motive power and catastrophic engine failure. I have since learned of numerous publicly reported complaints from other owners describing similar failures involving coolant intrusion, sudden loss of power, and complete engine replacement in 2022 Nissan Rogue vehicles equipped with this engine. I respectfully request that NHTSA investigate whether these engine failures represent a broader safety defect and whether additional corrective action is necessary to protect the driving public.
The contact owns a 2022 Nissan Rogue. The contact stated that while driving 55 mph, the vehicle went into limp mode and decelerated to approximately 10 mph. The message "engine malfunction" was displayed. The contact was able to pull over to the side of the road. The vehicle was restarted, but failed to respond while depressing the accelerator pedal. The vehicle was towed to the dealer, where it was diagnosed and determined that the engine had failed due to the failure of the camshaft and three other unknown parts around the camshaft. The dealer determined that the failure was not related to NHTSA campaign number: 25v437000 (engine and engine cooling) because the engine had not failed due to rod bearing failure. The vehicle was not yet repaired. The manufacturer was notified of the failure and offered a 70 percent reduction in the cost of the repair. The failure mileage was approximately 84,000.
The issue first began in February 2026, when the vehicle started showing signs of engine malfunction and poor performance, which ultimately led to a full engine replacement by an authorized Nissan dealership. After the engine replacement, the vehicle continued to experience serious and recurring drivability issues. On multiple occasions, including March 16–17, 2026, and most recently on April 11, 2026, the vehicle failed to accelerate properly even when the gas pedal was fully pressed. The vehicle would move extremely slowly and felt as if it was stuck in a low gear, with loud engine noise and lack of power. This created a significant safety hazard, as I was unable to accelerate normally in traffic, increasing the risk of being rear-ended or unable to safely merge or cross intersections. Additional symptoms included: •engine shaking while idling •intermittent loss of power and poor throttle response •transmission not shifting properly •a/c blowing warm air at idle but cold while driving •a diagnostic issue indicating loss of communication with a control module (vcr/module) the problem is intermittent and unpredictable, making it difficult to demonstrate on demand, but it has occurred multiple times in real driving conditions. The vehicle has been inspected multiple times by an authorized Nissan dealership, including technicians and a shop foreman. The dealership has stated they were sometimes unable to reproduce the issue and have attempted repairs such as performing an idle relearn, but the problem persists. Despite major repairs, including a full engine replacement, the vehicle continues to experience dangerous loss of acceleration and drivability issues, posing an ongoing safety risk. The vehicle is available for inspection upon request.
Car electrical dash lights up, powertrain, strange noises, electrical glitches, engine stalling, carbon monoxide or gasoline smell, makes me dizzy when turn on the ac.
While driving on the freeway, the car started to feel like it was requiring more pressure on the gas. Heading to an exit ramp, as more gas that was pressed, white smoke suddenly started to come out of the exhaust and even into the passenger compartment (presumably from the engine) and just as it neared an exit ramp , the car lost all power. . . Incredibly dangerous with other cars beginning to line up behind the car. Then the gear shift could not go into neutral so the car could be pushed to a safe location. When the auto club associate arrived, he was able to get the car in neutral and tow it to the local Nissan dealer (van nuys, CA).
While driving on highway engine suddenly lost all power but didn’t shut off. . Barely made it over to side as semi almost ran into me as car just suddenly stopped.
They said the vehicle transmission mount is leaking and need to be replaced as it is causing a vibration. The vehicle is only 53,000 miles. The vehicle went there for a recall on the engine and I guess if this is not a result of the defect on the engine. I called to get more info and the technician stated that multiple vehicle came in with the same failure. That's why I am reporting the issue to have it investigated and find out if it is from Nissan. The pricing is $1190. 41.
**timeline summary – vehicle safety recall case** **owner:* **vehicle:** 2022 Nissan Rogue (VIN: [xxx] ) **dealer:** pine belt Nissan of keyport **recall:** NHTSA 25v-437 (engine bearing defect) **August 2025:** owner received recall notice describing a potential engine bearing defect that could lead to engine damage, sudden power loss, or fire. Nissan indicated remedy was not yet available. **December 2025:** Nissan notified owner that remedy was available. Repair protocol included ecm reprogramming, diagnostic drive cycle, and dtc scan, with engine replacement if faults were detected. **December 3, 2025:** vehicle serviced at pine belt Nissan. Ecm reprogrammed (campaign xxx), diagnostic testing completed, and no dtcs found. Vehicle returned to owner. *-January 2026:** engine suddenly failed during normal driving, resulting in complete loss of power. Vehicle became inoperable and was returned to dealer. **January 16, 2026:** dealer diagnosed catastrophic engine failure: “engine ran without oil… knocking… needs long block, turbo, and bank 1 catalytic converter. ” estimated repair cost exceeded $10,000. Owner declined repairs. Oil, filter, and drain plug washer were replaced during this visit. **current status:** vehicle remains inoperable. Failure occurred shortly after recall repair and appears consistent with the defect described in recall 25v-437. * issue:** catastrophic engine failure occurred soon after completion of the recall remedy, raising concern that the repair did not adequately identify or prevent the defect. Owner is requesting full repair coverage, including engine replacement and related damages. Information redacted pursuant to the freedom of information act (foia), 5 u. S. C. 552(b)(6).
The contact owns a 2022 Nissan Rogue. The contact received notice of NHTSA campaign number: 25v437000 (engine and engine cooling). The contact stated that while parked and attempting to start the vehicle, the vehicle failed to start. The vehicle was not diagnosed or repaired. The manufacturer was notified of the failure. The failure mileage was approximately 62,279.
Blinking lights on dashboard, notified Nissan, they stated they knew of recall, but didn't know how to resolve yet, engineers were working on the issue, they stated when it breaks down just bring it in. Car engine light blinks, all warning lights blink, car stops immediately while pulling into to drive way. Lights appeared 1 day ago, then drove ok. Started car this morning to go to work, 4 miles away pulled in and car started blinking all emergency lights, quickly called Nissan they were closed to due to holiday. Emergency lites are check engine light, Feb light, master warning light, aeb lights , malfunction indicator light (mil). Rab light, the start button contents blink when all theses lights are blinking. The fact that Nissan told me to wait till it breaks down, or they would call me to fix recall when they know how is irresponsible .
The vehicle, a 2022 Nissan Rogue with the 1. 5l vc-turbo engine, suddenly entered severe limp mode: unable to exceed 35-40 mph on flat roads, barely 10 mph on hills, with high rpm and noise. The malfunction indicator light illuminated along with "engine malfunction service now" message and triangle warning light. These symptoms exactly match the early warning signs in safety recall 25v-437 for defective engine bearings that can cause progressive degradation, engine damage, or failure. The vehicle was towed to an authorized Nissan dealer, who performed the recall inspection (oil pan drop) but reportedly found no metal debris. The dealer then diagnosed separate issues—oil temperature sensor, coolant temperature sensor replacement, full oil pan replacement for minor seepage, and other warning lights—and quoted approximately $1,900 in customer-paid repairs, claiming they are unrelated to the recall or warranty despite the symptoms aligning precisely with the recall's description of bearing-related limp mode. This created a safety risk due to sudden loss of motive power while driving, increasing the potential for a crash. As a full-time cancer researcher and phd student who depends on this vehicle for daily lab commuting and time-sensitive experiments, the breakdown and repair dispute have caused major hardship: over a week without transportation, extensive time coordinating tows, appointments, and escalations with Nissan consumer affairs, and disruption to critical research. The dealer confirmed the limp mode and warnings, and inspected the vehicle under the recall procedure. Warning lamps/messages appeared suddenly prior to towing; no unusual noises noted earlier. The affected components (engine controls/sensors potentially stressed by the bearing defect) remain at the dealer for inspection. The recall should provide free ecm reprogramming, oil change, and gasket replacement even without debris, yet the dealer is charging for diagnostics and repairs from the same defect.
I am writing to complain about this known recall as it has been unresolved for six months and is severe: Jun 26,2025 manufacturer recall numberr25d1 NHTSA recall number25v-437 recall statusrecall incomplete I have called several Nissan dealers and they are aware of issue but have no direction from manufacturer.